A tiny fraction of the population possesses specific genetic mutations (such as DEC2 or ADRB1) that allow them to function optimally on only five hours of sleep, unlike the majority who require 7 to 9 hours.

noli's read

This observation is based on sleep genetics research that has indeed identified rare variants, notably in the DEC2 and ADRB1 genes, associated with a 'natural short sleeper' phenotype. These studies, published in journals such as Science and Neuron, demonstrate through genetic analysis and clinical observation that these individuals do not experience the usual deleterious effects of sleep deprivation. It is crucial to note that this trait is extremely rare and involuntary, which validates Walker's warning: it is not a lifestyle choice that one can train for. A common exaggeration in popular culture is the belief that one can 'learn' to become a short sleeper through discipline, whereas science confirms that this is an innate biological specificity. Current research is seeking to understand these mechanisms to better define fundamental sleep needs. The distinction between these high-functioning sleepers and individuals with chronic sleep debt is scientifically well-established.

the sources

1. 1Watson NF et al. (AASM & Sleep Research Society) 2015
2. 2Hirshkowitz M et al. (National Sleep Foundation) 2015