The full read
Source: several published studies on submarine crews (Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, Royal Navy; a 1988 US Navy research report; Occupational & Environmental Medicine). Evidence type: controlled trials with blood testing before and after patrol. These converge on the same picture: without supplementation, vitamin D levels drop 17-40% over a 2-3 month patrol with no natural light, while daily supplementation (1000-2400 IU/day across studies) markedly blunts or prevents that decline. This is one of the cleanest examples of a population with genuinely zero sun exposure over an extended period, unlike most sweeping claims that "everyone is low on vitamin D." The post, anecdotal in form (a submariner's life story rather than health content), lands on a solidly documented point. Direction: causal, controlled trials with direct blood measurement.
holds upthe post
