Strength training does not make women "bulky" or overly muscular, because it is biologically very difficult for a woman to develop excessive muscle mass without pharmacological aid; what is often perceived as volume is in reality excess fat mass.

noli's read

This advice is based on a solid understanding of human physiology. It is scientifically established that women possess significantly lower testosterone levels than men, which naturally limits muscle hypertrophy (meta-analysis, Roberts et al., 2020). The idea that strength training quickly transforms the female body into a bodybuilder physique is a cultural exaggeration without any real biological basis for the majority of the population. Research confirms that resistance training improves body composition by increasing lean mass and promoting fat loss, which often creates a more toned rather than bulky appearance (RCT, Westcott, 2012). The claim that the perceived "volume" is often due to fat mass is technically correct, as muscle is denser and takes up less space than adipose tissue. The viewpoint is therefore very well aligned with the current consensus in sports science.

the sources

No named source held this one up — that absence is part of the verdict.