Weight gain and obesity are not directly caused by specific foods (such as sugar or spreads) or by a simple lack of willpower, but result from a complex set of environmental, socioeconomic, and psychological factors that promote a chronic caloric surplus.

noli's read

Scientific research largely aligns with this multifactorial perspective. The World Health Organization (WHO), relying on vast observational data, presents excess weight as a complex condition resulting from environmental and psychosocial interactions, rather than a simple individual choice. Furthermore, a literature review published in *Clinical Medicine* (2023) confirms that biopsychosocial factors influence weight far more than personal responsibility alone. The limited impact of body mass index (BMI) in highly athletic profiles is also a methodological fact validated by expert consensus, as BMI does not distinguish between muscle mass and fat mass. Nevertheless, while an isolated food does not create excess weight on its own, the increased accessibility of highly energy-dense products remains identified by IARC expert reports as one of the primary drivers of positive energy balance globally. The creator is therefore correct to value empathy and an understanding of global causes rather than demonizing individual foods.

the sources

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