Double cleansing the face in the evening (an oil-based cleanser followed by a water-based cleanser) is essential to effectively remove makeup, SPF, and pollution, and thus avoid skin problems.

noli's read

The principle of double cleansing is based on the simple chemistry of affinities: oil-based substances (oils, balms) effectively dissolve lipophilic substances such as sebum, sunscreen filters, and long-wear makeup, which micellar water alone sometimes struggles to do completely. Observational studies in cosmetic dermatology confirm that an accumulation of pollutant residues and oxidized sebum can promote pore obstruction and cutaneous oxidative stress, as mentioned in cosmetic science journals (e.g., International Journal of Cosmetic Science). However, labeling this step as "essential" for everyone is an exaggeration: the actual necessity depends on skin type, the level of environmental pollution, and the nature of the products used daily. For dry skin or those who wear little makeup, a single, appropriate cleanse may suffice without altering the skin barrier. Furthermore, the practice of rinsing off micellar water is validated by dermatological expertise to prevent surfactants from remaining on the skin and causing irritation.

the sources

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